PLASTIC SURGERY

PLASTIC SURGERY.

              Reconstructive plastic surgery is performed to correct functional impairments caused by burns; traumatic injuries, such as facial bone fractures and breaks; congenital abnormalities, such as cleft palates or cleft lips; developmental abnormalities; infection and disease; and cancer or tumors. Reconstructive plastic surgery is usually performed to improve function, but it may be done to approximate a normal appearance.

            The most common reconstructive procedures are tumor removal, laceration repair, scar repair, hand surgery, and breast reduction. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the number of reconstructive breast reductions for women increased in 2007 by 2 percent from the year before. Breast reduction in men also increased in 2007 by 7 percent. Some other common reconstructive surgical procedures include breast reconstruction after a mastectomy, cleft lip and palate surgery, contracture surgery for burn survivors, and creating a new outer ear when one is congenitally absent.

               Plastic surgeons use microsurgery to transfer tissue for coverage of a defect when no local tissue is available. Free flaps of skin, muscle, bone, fat, or a combination may be removed from the body, moved to another site on the body, and reconnected to a blood supply by suturing arteries and veins as small as 1 to 2 millimeters in diameter.

           Some people involve in plastic to seek for beauty. Plastic surgery is often associated with a picture perfect look, free of wrinkles, blemishes, scars and any other physical problem, almost undermining the risks involved in the procedure. There are some opinions about the plastic surgery from different sources and scholars.

           In Al- Quran Allah Almighty says: "And surely I will lead them astray, and surely I will arouse desires in them, and surely I will command them and they will cut the cattle's ears, and surely I will command them and they will change Allah's creation. Whoso chooseth Satan for a patron instead of Allah is verily a loser and his loss is manifest."  

           If the aim of surgery or procedure is to correct a defect, such as that caused by an accident or injury or a birth deformity then this is insha-Allaah permissible. The scholars have used the evidence for this the report of Arfajah ibn As’ad in the Sunan.

           It was narrated from ‘Arfajah ibn As’ad that he lost his nose in the battle of al-Kulaab during the Jaahiliyyah, so he wore a nose made of silver but it became putrid, so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told him to wear a nose made of gold.             

          Based on hadit of Muhammad pbuh that the creation of God can not be changed by human except the defect when someone was born or damaged by an accident such as his fingers more than five or his lips broken by birth. Making a flat nose to become a sharp nose is prohibited in Islam.Making a black skin to become white is also not allowed. Making someone face becomes more beautiful is prohibited too.

                 In this context, the eminent muslim scholar, Dr Abder Fateeh Idris, professorof Comparative jurisprudence at Azhar Univ. State

                  There is nothing wrong with if its used to treat a deformed organ where the operation will offer a better quality at life. However, such surgery is not permissible if it is used for the mere purpose of beautification and altering the creation of allah.

                  Issue sheikh ‘atiqqar Saqr, from of Azhar Fatwa Comitee, beautification which is used to reshape a deformed part of the body generally recommended in islam, as long s it used for valid reason.

                  The eminent Muslim scholar, Sheikh Yusuf al-Qaradawi ,surgeries for beautification are in vogue today as the result of materialistic pattern of western civilization , whose main focus is the body and its desires. Men and women spends hundrends and thousands of dollar to reshape their body.

                  Prof Ali. Alsoa, Prof of jurisprudence said,  amendment of creature to its original for legally permissible; as this change is due to abnormal incidence that interferes with the form and function of this creatures. As regard the gender transfer, organ transplantation, teeth implantation, hair transplantation, cornea transplantation, breast augmentation or reduction, nose reshaping and management or post-burn deformities. Who can determine  that such needed or not?

                 Every living organism has the right to enjoy health. Man as one of those creatures may get sick and he is the best creatures, he has the right to seek for the health to be in the best condition to devote himself religious duties. Therefore it was necessary to clarify Islamic provision for the Muslim patient, treating physician and they be aware of them.

           Many of the Islamic provision should be applied by a trusted doctor who can medicted the disease and help the patient to get off his illness as soon as possible, to be ready to continue his normal life.

              However, there are diseases which are not medical organic disease, but affect Man health. These types of diseases affect mainly the psychological state of the patient. They include congenital defects, like someone who was born with a cleft lips or six finger in hand, or it may happen to man during his life, such as accidents and burns. They affect the patient by the psychological pain which may be more harmful than organic pain. With the advances in medicine in the modern era of surgery, it has been easy to eliminate these harmful psychologicalpains.

               

             Medical researches continue to reveal the secrets of the human body, and ways to ease and simplify the cosmetic surgery. This type of surgery is not a new phenomenon, but this type of surgery was widespread among Arabs and Muslims. Proof of this statement in the book ‘The History of medicine and pharmacology at the Arab’ on the subject of orthodontics

                  The purpose of medicine - one of two things: the conservation of health, and the second treatment of diseases or their effects. Says Ezz Bin Abdulsalam: "medicine, such as Islamic law, designed to bring the interest of safety and wellness, prevent the consequences diseases.

                Medication in the Islamic religion is lawful. That is not different as regard the cosmetic surgery. Leaving these defects in the human body affects the psychological state and causes pains. The Prophet - peace be upon him - stated the importance of medications to strengthen the hearts and souls, the narrated in his Sunan Ibn Maajah from the Hadith of Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri said: The Messenger of Allah - peace be upon him: "If you visit a patient, ask God for him a long life, this is not something, but which is a pleasure for the patient". In this type of very Sharif treatment, the treatment by words extends to the pleasure to regain the health, helping to eliminate the illness. But if there are distortions in thebody, it causes the worry and sadness; because selves always tend to self-perfection.

         As plastic surgery developed and the options for cosmetic enhancement grew, formal halachic discussion began. In 1961, Rabbi Immanuel Jakobovits, considered by many to be the father of the discipline of Jewish medical ethics,  addressed the American Society of Facial Plastic Surgery at a symposium entitled "Religious Views on Cosmetic Surgery."  Rabbi Jako bovits, later Chief Rabbi of Great Britain, discussed the parameters of plastic surgery from a Jewish legal perspective.

        After explaining that no responsa had yet been written on the topic, he dealt with the question of whether one may undergo plastic surgery for the purpose of improving one's physical appearance. As Rabbi Jakobovits eloquently described in his classic work, Jewish Medical Ethics.

       The problem was considered under four headings: the theological implications of "improving" God's work or "flying in the face of Providence"; the possible risks to life involved in any operation; the Jewish objection to any mutilation of the body; and the ethical censure of human vanity, especially among males.

              Plastic surgery for aesthetic enhancement is a form of arrogance and vanity and is forbidden unless the patient meets certain criteria. He concluded definitively that plastic surgery for aesthetic enhancement is a form of arrogance and vanity (particularly for men) and is forbidden unless the patient meets certain criteria. He later wrote as part of an overview of the Jewish approach to medicine: 

          In the sparse rabbinic writings on the subject, these reservations could be discounted, provided the danger is minimal; and especially if the operation is medically indicated, e.g. following an accident, or for grave psychological reasons if the correction of the deformity is designed to facilitate or maintain a happy marriage; or  if it will enable a person to play a constructive role in Society and to earn a decent livelihood. 

           The conducting of plastic surgery is used to treat a deformed organ where the operation will offer a better quality. Reconstructive plastic surgery is performed to correct functional impairments caused by burns; traumatic injuries.

            The necessary and urgent plastic surgery, which can restore the original shape of the body, are allowed either the person was born with a defect or the defect is due to an accident, but the natural change which emerges as a result of aging is not allowed to be medically treated as this is regarded as changing Allah's creation and this action is prohibited in Islam. Minimizing and enlarging an organ in the human body is also prohibited unless that organ causes psychological or physical harm to the person, but it is not allowed to conduct a change in an organ to amend its shape if it does not cause a harm to the person. Dieting or losing weight using the sophisticated scientific methods such as surgery and liposuction  is allowed if the overweight represents an illness and there is no way but surgery to treat it.

            The Council of the International Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, which works under the Islamic Conference Organization, held its 18th session in Malaysia, and after reviewing the researches submitted to the Complex pertaining regulations of plastic surgery, and after listening to the long discussions on this subject, it has decided the following:

        First,the definition of the plastic surgery, if  the surgery which concerns improving or amending the shape of one or more of apparent parts of the human body in case this part has sustained an effective.

         Second, the general regulation and condition plastic surgeries. The surgery has to achieve a purpose that is allowed according to Islamic law, such as treating defect or restoring the normal organ shape.The surgeries must not result in harm the exceeds the desirable purpose, and this matter is decided by a specialist. The surgery has to be conducted by a specialist doctor.

           The surgery has to be conducted by the permission of patients. The doctor who conducts the surgery commits to brief the patient on the likely side effect and ramification of the surgery. There has no another means of treatment but surgery. The surgery must not violate the Islamic juristic verdicts such as conducting the plastic surgery to resemble beautification or for showing off.

          It is also important that one make sure that the procedure involve is does not have any thing unlawful example using part of animal’s body which is haraam such as pig or animal killed or slaughtered not in accordance with Sharia’ah unless this is a life saving procedure. The procedure itself is not hazardous or harmful to the person.The degree of defect outweights the extent and difficulty forced due to the procedure. So it is not appropriate to take major rather hazardous procedure involving waste a lot of money to correct a small defect with which a person is disproportionately conscious.

        

            Plastic surgery is often associated with a picture perfect look, free of wrinkles, blemishes, scars and any other physical problem, almost undermining the risk involved in the procedure. Even after the significant progress in technology, plastic surgery still involves side effect and dangers.

              Plastic surgery is a very expensive method, which involves skin grafting. It can put tremendous financial pressure on you and your family. While accessing the cost of plastic surgery, people often tend to take into account the cost of the surgery only, and completely overlook the unexpected cost that can arise from postoperative complications. Individuals also forget to consider the cost of postoperative medications, which can't be avoided as it can result in further complications. In all, plastic surgery is a costly and complicated affair and considerable care and precaution need to be followed after this surgery.

            Plastic surgery involves several surgical risks like pain, infections, allergic reactions, nausea and vomiting, which are commonly associated with any kind of surgery. In addition to these, drug reaction, implant rejection, pigmentation, blood clots, skin necrosis and nerve damage on the particular area are some of common bad effects of plastic surgery that may give rise to many complications. The process may be produce additional risk for smokers, as they are more likely to face problems like delay in healing wounds, risk of infection, bruising, scarring and pulmonary problems.

        It has been observed that many individuals undergoing plastic surgery tend to suffer from an obsession or an infatuation with their look. This can cause an addiction and may impel them to undergo plastic surgery several times. A common psychological disorder in this regard is known as 'body dysmorphic disorder’, where people develop such as distorted and weird perception of their body that they can satisfied with any look.

       But sometimes plastic surgery becomes inevitable, especially for reconstructing damaged parts of the body caused by burns, accidents or any inborn abnormality. Before opting for plastic surgery, it is very essential to discuss every aspect of the method and also the cost involved, with your plastic surgeon. It is also advisable to research properly before selecting a qualified and certified surgeon and follow the instructions of your surgeon to avoid any surgical and post-surgical complication

         Just be happy with what Allah has given you. because you have many things that people are dying to have. thank Allah for eveything because at the end all these things (beauty, surgery, celebrities, fame, such as are not worth it. Thank Allah for the health,your looks, the safety, the family, the lifestyle and everything else. He has given you everything.